Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the lining of the joints, called the synovium. This can lead to chronic inflammation, pain, stiffness, and joint damage.
RA is the second most common type of arthritis, after osteoarthritis. Around 1.5 million people in the U.S. have RA.
Certain compounds in cannabis, including cannabinoids like tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and cannabigerol (CBG), may help manage common symptoms such as:
Research on cannabis for rheumatoid arthritis
Research on cannabis for rheumatoid arthritis is still emerging. Some studies show that cannabinoids like THC and CBD offer anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties that can help treat some common RA symptoms.
A 2006 study published in Rheumatology found that Sativex (nabiximols), a cannabinoid-based prescription medication, reduced pain and improved sleep quality in people with RA. Studies also show that certain cannabinoids in cannabis may calm an overactive immune system, which is common in autoimmune conditions like RA.
However, larger human studies are needed to fully understand cannabis’s effectiveness. While research is promising, researchers still don’t know the best dosing methods, product types, or long-term effects of using cannabis as an RA treatment.
Using cannabis for rheumatoid arthritis
People with RA may consider cannabis for managing symptoms like chronic pain, stiffness, and insomnia. That said, cannabis may not be suitable for everyone. It’s important to consider your personal tolerance, potential interactions with medications, and whether or not it’s legal in your state. Talk with your healthcare provider to determine whether cannabis is an appropriate part of your treatment plan.
Benefits
Medical cannabis can provide a number of benefits to people with rheumatoid arthritis.
- Pain relief: Cannabinoids like THC and CBD may help treat RA-related chronic pain.
- Reduced inflammation: Studies have shown that cannabinoids may help regulate the body’s inflammatory response, thereby easing joint swelling.
- Improved sleep quality: Cannabis may help relieve insomnia, which is experienced by up to 70% of RA patients.
- Anxiety and depression management: Cannabis may help improve mood, which can be impacted by living with a chronic condition.
- Bone healing: Studies have shown that CBD and CBG promote bone fracture healing in mice. However, studies in humans are necessary to confirm this effect.
Risks and side effects
Like many medications, cannabis may cause some side effects, including:
- Psychoactive effects: THC can cause intoxication, dizziness, or cognitive impairment, so it may not be suitable for everyone. Opt for a low to moderate dose of THC to minimize this effect.
- Drug interactions: Cannabis may interact with common RA medications like corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. Speak with your doctor before mixing cannabis with any medications.
- Dependency: Regular use of cannabis carries a risk of dependency, especially with products that are high in THC.
Is it legal?
While medical cannabis is legal in many states, rheumatoid arthritis is not a qualifying condition in every state. That said, you may qualify for medical cannabis through an RA symptom, such as chronic pain.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a qualifying condition for medical cannabis in:
- Arkansas (severe arthritis)
- California (arthritis)
- Connecticut
- Hawaii
- Illinois
- Michigan
- North Dakota
For minors with RA or other forms of juvenile arthritis, caregivers may be able to obtain medical cannabis on their behalf, but this depends on local regulations. Secondary and/or specialist recommendations may be required.
More about rheumatoid arthritis
The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis is unknown, but genetic and environmental factors likely play a role. Your doctor can diagnose rheumatoid arthritis through bloodwork and, in some cases, imaging tests.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a progressive disease. While there’s no cure, early intervention with treatments like disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) can slow its progression and improve quality of life.
Other treatments for rheumatoid arthritis
While cannabis may help manage RA symptoms, it’s commonly used alongside other treatments.
Traditional therapies
There are several types of medications that can help people manage RA.
- Disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs): Methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, and sulfasalazine are commonly prescribed.
- Biologic DMARDs: These medications target specific parts of the immune system responsible for causing inflammation.
- Corticosteroids: These provide rapid relief from inflammation but are not ideal for long-term use due to side effects such as bone thinning (osteoporosis).
Natural and alternative therapies
There are several non-invasive, non-medication treatments and lifestyle changes that can help you manage RA symptoms.
- Physical and occupational therapy (OT): These can improve joint function and reduces pain.
- Exercise and weight management: Low-impact activities like swimming or yoga can strengthen muscles and relieve joints.
- Dietary changes: An anti-inflammatory diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids may be beneficial. Avoiding processed foods and excess sugar might also help.
- Mind-body therapies: Practices like meditation, acupuncture, and tai chi can help manage pain and stress.
Cannabis as part of your treatment plan for rheumatoid arthritis
Cannabis may complement traditional RA treatments by managing symptoms like pain, inflammation, and insomnia. Consult with a healthcare professional to determine if cannabis is suitable for you.
If you’re considering medical cannabis, consider getting your medical card through a telemedicine service like Leafwell to simplify the process.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
There are a number of commonly asked questions regarding medical cannabis and its uses for rheumatoid arthritis.
Can cannabis help with rheumatoid arthritis?
Cannabis may help manage symptoms like pain and inflammation but should be part of a broader treatment plan. If you want to get a medical card for rheumatoid arthritis, ask your physician about how to use cannabis to best manage your unique symptoms.
Is CBD or THC better for RA?
Both have benefits. CBD is non-intoxicating and anti-inflammatory, while THC provides stronger pain relief but can cause psychoactive effects. Some may prefer to use a balance of both and different types of products at different times of day, such as using CBD during the day and THC at night.
Can I get a medical marijuana card if I have rheumatoid arthritis?
That depends on your state. In some states, RA is a qualifying condition for a medical marijuana card. In other states, you may qualify through a symptom like chronic pain.
Do rheumatologists recommend CBD?
While every rheumatologist’s recommendations are unique, studies show that CBD may reduce inflammation in people with rheumatoid arthritis.
Is sativa or indica better for rheumatoid arthritis?
This depends on your personal needs and which cannabis compounds your body responds to. Ask your doctor or a Leafwell provider for help choosing the best strain.
Can I get a medical card for rheumatoid arthritis?
Yes, if you live in a state that lists RA as a qualifying condition, or one of its symptoms like chronic pain. To access medical marijuana for rheumatoid arthritis, speak with a licensed physician or use a telehealth service like Leafwell to start the MMJ certification process.
